Protective Effect of Qihong Tongluo Prescription on Vascular Endothelial Cells in Rats with Deep Venous Thrombosis Based on NF-κB Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the protective effect and mechanism of Qihong Tongluo prescription on vascular endothelial cells in rats with deep venous thrombosis （DVT）. MethodSixty-six SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group （n=11） and a modeling group （n=55）. The DVT model was induced in rats of the modeling group by slowing down blood flow and damaging vascular endothelium. The model rats were randomly divided into model group， aspirin group （200 mg·kg-1）， and low-，medium-， and high-dose Qihong Tongluo prescription groups （6.5， 13， 26 g·kg-1） according to a random number table. Rats were treated with corresponding drugs by gavage， while those in the model group and the blank group received normal saline， once per day for 7 days. The rats were sacrificed and the abdominal aortic blood was taken. The levels of serum endothelin-1 （ET-1） and interleukin-6 （IL-6） were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the pathological changes in vascular endothelial tissues. The ultrastructure of vascular endothelial cells was observed by the transmission electron microscope. The viability of vascular endothelial cells was detected by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide （MTT） method，and the release level of lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） was detected by the LDH kit. The messenger ribonucleic acid （mRNA） expression of platelet-activating factor （PAF），nuclear transcription factor κB （NF-κB），Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 （Rac1）， and Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 （Rac2） in vascular endothelial tissues were detected by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. The protein expression of PAF，NF-κB，Rac1， and Rac2 in vascular endothelial tissues was detected by Western blot. ResultThe model group showed seriously damaged and swollen vascular endothelial cells with massive shedding， attachment of massive inflammatory cells， nucleus pyknosis and deformation under the electron microscope， highly swollen mitochondria， serious cytoplasmic vacuolation，and exposure of internal elastic membrane. The damage of vascular endothelium and its ultrastructure in Qihong Tongluo prescription groups and the aspirin group was improved in varying degrees. Compared with the blank group，the model group showed increased levels of serum ET-1 and IL-6，potentiated vascular endothelial cell viability， up-regulated mRNA and protein expression of PAF，NF-κB，Rac1， and Rac2 in vascular endothelial tissues，and decreased LDH release level of vascular endothelial cells （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group，the aspirin group and the Qihong Tongluo prescription groups showed decreased levels of serum ET-1 and IL-6，blunted vascular endothelial cell viability，down-regulated mRNA and protein expression of PAF，NF-κB，Rac1， and Rac2 in vascular endothelial tissues，and increased LDH release level of vascular endothelial cells （P<0.05）. The effect of Qihong Tongluo prescription was dose-dependent. ConclusionQihong Tongluo prescription has a protective effect on vascular endothelial cells of DVT rats and can prevent and treat thrombosis，and its therapeutic effect is presumably achieved by inhibiting the expression of PAF，NF-κB，Rac1，and Rac2 and reducing the levels of serum ET-1 and IL-6.

The Effectiveness of Infrared Thermography in Patients with Whiplash Injury

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to visualize the subjective symptoms before and after the treatment of whiplash injury using infrared (IR) thermography. METHODS: IR thermography was performed for 42 patients who were diagnosed with whiplash injury. There were 19 male and 23 female patients. The mean age was 43.12 years. Thermal differences (DeltaT) in the neck and shoulder and changes in the thermal differences (DeltadT) before and after treatment were analyzed. Pain after injury was evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS) before and after treatment (DeltaVAS). The correlations between DeltadT and DeltaVAS results before and after the treatment were examined. We used Digital Infrared Thermal Imaging equipment of Dorex company for IR thermography. RESULTS: The skin temperature of the neck and shoulder immediately after injury showed 1-2degrees C hyperthermia than normal. After two weeks, the skin temperature was normal range. DeltaT after immediately injuy was higher than normal value, but it was gradually near the normal value after two weeks. DeltadT before and after treatment were statistically significant (p<0.05). VAS of the neck and shoulder significantly reduced after 2 week (p=0.001). Also, there was significant correlation between DeltadT and reduced DeltaVAS (the neck; r=0.412, p<0.007) (the shoulder; r=0.648, p<0.000). CONCLUSION: The skin temperature of sites with whiplash injury is immediately hyperthermia and gradually decreased after two weeks, finally it got close to normal temperature. These were highly correlated with reduced VAS. IR thermography can be a reliable tool to visualize the symptoms of whiplash injury and the effectiveness of treatment in clinical settings.

Analysis of an acute respiratory infection outbreak caused by adenovirus / 重庆医学

Objective To analyze the investigation results of an acute respiratory infection outbreak caused by adenovirus and provide scientific information for the prevention and control of congener public health emergencies .Methods A case‐control study was performed with grades and gender as matching factor ,all cases and selected controls were investigated with the same question‐naire .Results A totul of 47 cases were diagnosed in the outbreak ,no death ,the attack rate was 8 .88% ;the main clinical symptom was fever and 27 .7% of the cases became pneumonia .The case‐control study analysis demonstrated that with close contact to cases or not(χ2 =7 .96 ,P<0 .05) ,contact time (χ2 =7 .95 ,P<0 .05) ,hand washing habits (χ2 =25 .92 ,P<0 .05) and with or without the habit of cleaning snivel by hand directly (χ2 =22 .78 ,P<0 .05) were statistically different between cases and controls .Conclu‐sion long‐time contact to cases maybe the main risk factor for the adenovirus infection ,especially the contact manner were sharing the same desk or playing together .A good health habit of washing hands often and no cleaning snivel by hand directly were impor‐tant protective factors .Thus ,strengthening the training of health habit and awareness is the important preventive measure for re‐spiratory infectious diseases .

The Effectiveness of Early Tracheostomy (within at least 10 Days) in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Patients

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the optimal time for tracheostomy by evaluating the benefits and safety of early versus late tracheostomy in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed a total of 254 patients with spinal cord injury. Of them, we selected 21 spinal cord injury patients who required tracheostomy due to long-term mechanical ventilation and analyzed their medical records. The patients were categorized into two groups. Early tracheostomy was performed day 1-10 from intubation in 10 patients and the late tracheostomy was performed after day 10 in 11 cases. We also evaluated the duration of mechanical ventilation, stay in the ICU and complications related to tracheostomy, the injury level of and clinical severity. All data was analyzed using SPSS 18.0/WIN. RESULTS: The early tracheostomy offered clear advantages for shortening the total ICU stay (20.8 day vs. 38.0 day, p=0.010). There was also statistically significant reduction in the total length of time on mechanical ventilation (5.2 day vs. 29.2 day, p=0.009). However, the reductions in the incidence of pneumonia (40% vs. 82%) and the length of ICU stay post to tracheostomy (6 day vs. 15 day) were found to be statistically not significant. There were also no statistically significant differences in the injury level and clinical severity between the groups. CONCLUSION: We concluded that the early tracheostomy (at least 10 days) is beneficial for SCI patients who are likely to require prolonged mechanical ventilation.

Effect of Shenfu injection in postoperative recovery after abdominal surgery / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Shenfu injection (SF) in postoperative recovery after abdominal surgery.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>150 patients were randomly divided into control group (75) and SF group (75). The efficacy were evaluated with the time of passage of gas by anus, information of wound healing, blood routine, blood coagulaton function, liver function. Changes recovery factor, immune index and hemorheological index were detected too.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The time of passage of gas by anus in SF group was significantly shorter than that in control group. Blood routine, blood coagulaton function, liver function showed no significant difference in the two group of preoperative and postoperative. Whole blood viscosity, blood reduced viscosity and plasma fibrinogen viscosity in SF group were significantly lower than that in control group after operation. IgG and IgA in SF group was significantly higher than that in control group after operation. IgG and CD4+/CD8+ in control group was significantly higher after operation than that in before operation. Among tissue damage plerosis correlation factor, the blood levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in SF group and control group is significantly lower than that in preoperation (P < 0.05), SOD in SF group was significantly higher than that in control group after operation. The blood levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in SF group and control group is significantly higher than that in preoperation (P < 0.05). MDA in SF group was significantly lower than that in control group after operation. Whole blood viscosity, blood reduced viscosity and plasma fibrinogen viscosity in control group after operation were significantly higher than that before operation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SF can stimulate the immune system and reduce the blood viscosity. It is contribute to the patients' rehabilitation.</p>

A Case of Exon 7 and 8 Deletion of Survival Motor Neuron Gene in Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA) is a genetic disorder of the motor neurons that cause muscular weakness and muscular atrophy due to anterior horn cell degeneration. Classic spinal muscular atrophy patient is caused by mutation in the chromosome 5(q11.2-q13.3), and the majority of the patient shows homozygous deletion of the telomeric survival motor neuron(SMN) gene in the chromosome 5. Deletion of exon 7 and 8 of the SMN gene and deletion of exon 4 and 5 of the neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein(NAIP) are typically observed in SMA patients. The SMN protein plays a role in an essential cell metabolism process, the splicing of pre mRNA in the spliceosomes. We report a 7 month old male with SMA. He showed rapidly aggrdvatial muscular weakness and died at 7 months. His DNA analysis proved deletion of exon 7 and 8 of the telomeric copy of the SMN gene.

A familial case of tricho-rhino-palangeal syndrome

No abstract available.